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It has almost been 2000 years (2013AD-30AD = 1,983 years) since Jesus died on the cross for our sins. This makes it hard, sometimes impossible, to convert the Jewish calendar of 2000 years ago into the Gregorian calendar we now use. Yet from the Word we know the Jewish day Jesus was born, and the Jewish day Jesus was crucified, and died for our sins. From the Word we are also quite certain about the year Jesus was born, and the year He was crucified.
1. Short Timeline for Jesus
Our time Jewish calendar
June/July 7BC –- Around Tammuz 15th our time 3755 AD -- John the Baptizer was conceived, about 6 months before Jesus.
Sept/Oct 6BC -- Tishri 1st our time 3756 AD -- A new Jewish calendar year begins
Dec 6BC -- Around Tevet 10th our time 3756 AD the time we celebrate Christmas-- Jesus is conceived in Mary by the Holy Spirit.
March/April 5BC -- Around Nisan 15th our time 3756 AD -- John was born, during Passover/Feast of Unleavened Bread.
Sept/Oct 5BC -- Tishri 1st our time 3757 AD -- A new Jewish calendar year begins
Sept/Oct 5BC -- Tishri 10th our time 3757 AD -- On Day of Atonement Jesus was born.
Sept/Oct 0 BC/AD –- Tishri 1st our time 3762 AD -- No zero year in BC/AD timeline, must add or subtract 1 year crossing 0, see #9 BC/AD. Jewish calendar counts this year, will be 1 year different in its relationship to BC/AD time when 0 is crossed either way
Mar/April 26AD –- Nisan 15th our time 3786 AD – Around Nisan 15th, John began his ministry, preparing the way for Jesus.
Sept/Oct 26AD -- Tishri 1 our time 3787 AD -- A new Jewish calendar year begins
Sept/Oct 26AD -- Tishri 10th our time 3787 AD -- After the Sabbath of the Day of Atonement, Jesus is anointed and begins his ministry
Sept/Oct 27AD -– Tishri 10th our time 3788 AD – First year ministry of Jesus is completed
Sept/Oct 28AD -– Tishri 10th our time 3789 AD – Second year ministry of Jesus is completed
Sept/Oct 29AD -– Tishri 10th our time 3790 AD – Third year ministry of Jesus is completed
Mar/April 30AD –- Nisan 14th our time 3790 AD -- Jesus is crucified; after completing 1/2 year of ministry, for 3 1/2 years of ministry
Mar/April 30AD -- Nisan 16th our time 3790 AD --- Jesus arises from the dead
70AD – 3830 Used Roman Destruction of the second Temple in Jerusalem to match date of AD year to Jewish calendar year
2021 Christmas Day (Dec 25 2021AD); it has been approx. 2026 years since the Son of God became a man, Jesus, when conceived in Mary’s womb by the Holy Spirit around Dec. 25 6BC, Jewish Calendar Day of Atonement Tevet 10th 3756. Now in Jewish calendar year of 5782; 5782-3756 = 2026 years ago
From Dec 25 6BC, 5 years to AD (after taking 1 year off for no zero on timeline; see 12.) to Dec 25 2021AD (2021 years) = approx. 2026 years ago
Likewise 9 months later on the Day of Atonement Sept/Oct 2022, it will be around 2026 years ago since Jesus was born on Day of Atonement Sept/Oct 5BC, Jewish Calendar Tishri 10th 3757. Will be in Jewish Calendar year of 5783; 5783-3757 = 2026 years ago
The Day of Atonement, Tishri 10, was a special Sabbath, and the holiest day in the Old Covenant Jewish calendar year. The only day of the 37year our Heavenly Father came down to be with man, in the Holy of Holies within the Temple at Jerusalem. On this day our Heavenly Father would annually forgive the sins of Israel, make Israel holy for one more year, as they awaited the promised Messiah, Jesus, to come and save them. The significance of this holy day alone, foreshadows that this day would be the Day when Jesus would be born, would come to take away our sins, and make believers spiritually holy forever. The Birth of Jesus
*The LORD spoke to Moses, saying, "On exactly the tenth day of this seventh month is the day of atonement; it shall be a holy convocation for you, and you shall humble your souls and present an offering by fire to the LORD." You shall not do any work on this same day, for it is a day of atonement, to make atonement on your behalf before the LORD your God. Lev 23:26-28 NASB+
*and the LORD said to Moses, “Tell Aaron your brother not to come at any time into the Holy Place inside the veil, before the mercy seat that is on the ark, so that he may not die. For I will appear in the cloud over the mercy seat. Lev 16:2 ESV+
Each year on the Day of Atonement, the High Priest would symbolically put the sins of Israel upon a goat, which would be turned loose in the wilderness. This scapegoat would die as atonement for the sins Israel had committed that year, leaving these sins in the solitary, desolate, wilderness where he died. This symbolized the way Jesus would be turned loose, would be born, released from Mary’s womb on the Day of Atonement, and be turned out into the sinful wilderness of earth. All of the sins of the world would be put on His shoulders, as He physically died upon the cross, as a onetime sacrifice for all the sins the world would ever commit. What Spiritually Happened On the Cross
*"Then Aaron shall lay both of his hands on the head of the live goat, and confess over it all the iniquities of the sons of Israel and all their transgressions in regard to all their sins; and he shall lay them on the head of the goat and send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a man who stands in readiness. "The goat shall bear on itself all their iniquities to a solitary land; and he shall release the goat in the wilderness. Lev 16:21-22 NASB+
*But the goat chosen by lot as the scapegoat shall be presented alive before the LORD to be used for making atonement by sending it into the desert as a scapegoat. Lev 16:10 NIV+
3. Jesus was crucified on Passover/Preparation Day, Nisan 14
The day Jesus died on the cross was Nisan 14, which was always Passover day on the Jewish calendar. In the Old Covenant, the Jewish people were required by our Lord to yearly celebrate the day of Passover on Nissan 14. On this day they were to come to the Temple in Jerusalem and sacrifice a lamb. The lamb’s blood would then be poured out over the base of the altar in the
*“These are the appointed feasts of the LORD, the holy convocations, which you shall proclaim at the time appointed for them. In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at twilight, is the LORD’s Passover. Lev 23:4-5 ESV+
*Get rid of the old yeast that you may be a new batch without yeast--as you really are. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed. 1Co 5:7 NIV+
Nissan 14 was also commonly called Preparation Day because no yeast could be used during the Feast of Unleavened Bread. Nisan 14 was Passover Day, the week following, Nissan 15-21 was the Feast of Unleavened Bread. They combined to make a continuing celebration held over an 8 day period. On Nissan 14, all of Israel had to prepare for the Feast of Unleavened Bread which would begin on Nisan 15, by removing all yeast from their houses, including cleaning up every crumb of bread within it. This ceremonial act gave Passover Day the commonly used name of Preparation Day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread.
*“On the fourteenth day of the first month is the LORD’s Passover, and on the fifteenth day of this month is a feast. Seven days shall unleavened bread be eaten. Nu 28:16-17 ESV+
*For seven days no leaven is to be found in your houses. If anyone eats what is leavened, that person will be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he is a sojourner or a native of the land. Ex 12:19 ESV+
Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John agree Jesus was crucified on Preparation Day, which was also Passover Day.
*On the next day, which followed the Day of Preparation, the chief priests and Pharisees gathered together to Pilate, saying, "Sir, we remember, while He was still alive, how that deceiver said, 'After three days I will rise.' Matthew 27:62-63 NKJV+
*Now when evening had come, because it was the Preparation Day, that is, the day before the Sabbath, Joseph of Arimathea, a prominent council member, who was himself waiting for the kingdom of God, coming and taking courage, went in to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus. Mark 15:42-43 NKJV+
*That day was the Preparation, and the Sabbath drew near. Luke 23:54 NKJV+
*Now it was the Preparation Day of the Passover, and about the sixth hour. And he said to the Jews, "Behold your King!" But they cried out, "Away with Him, away with Him! Crucify Him!" Pilate said to them, "Shall I crucify your King?" The chief priests answered, "We have no king but Caesar!" John 19:14-15 NKJV+
4. Daniel’s Timeline: Jesus born 5BC, crucified 30AD Daniel 9:24-27
Daniel was given a vision from God, and the angel Gabriel was sent to help Him understand it. This was a direct prophecy from our God to Daniel, so we call it Daniel’s timeline for simplicity. Yet we should always remember that it was our God’s timeline for Jesus, and it was given through Daniel as a prophecy for him, and through the Word for us also.
*while I was still in prayer, Gabriel, the man I had seen in the earlier vision, came to me in swift flight about the time of the evening sacrifice. He instructed me and said to me, "Daniel, I have now come to give you insight and understanding. Da 9:21-22 NIV+
Footnotes help clarify different manuscript meanings, should always be used, and are needed in Daniel 9:24-27. They are put in brackets [ ] to denote the words they replace. Seven weeks throughout Daniel 9:24-27 is referring to seven [sevens] or [units of seven].
Weeks in these verses are referring to a Sabbath week of years, or a seven year period. Weeks in a Jewish sabbatical calendar, are the same as years. 7 weeks is the same as 7 x a period of seven years, which is 49 years.
*“You shall count seven weeks of years, seven times seven years, so that the time of the seven weeks of years shall give you forty-nine years. Lev 25:8 ESV
Daniel 9:24
The seventy sevens is a prophecy, is a 490 year timeline for when the Anointed One, the Messiah, Jesus would come to save all people. This timeline is set against what would happen to and at the Temple in Jerusalem.
*"Seventy [sevens] are determined For your people and for your holy city, To finish the transgression, To make an end of sins, To make reconciliation for iniquity, To bring in everlasting righteousness, To seal up vision and prophecy, And to anoint the Most Holy. Da 9:24 NKJV+
Jesus would finish transgression, would make sins disappear, would be the reconciliation for iniquity, and would bring in everlasting righteousness, when He died upon the cross as a ransom for the sins of all people, who would believe in our God. Both those in the Old Covenant who believed in our Father, believed He would send a Messiah, Jesus, to save them. And those in the New Covenant, which we are now in, who believe in Jesus, that He died for our sins. See Heaven and Hell
*For this reason Christ is the mediator of a new covenant, that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance--now that he has died as a ransom to set them freefrom the sins committed under the first covenant. Heb 9:15 NIV+
Jesus will seal up, make all prophecy known to us when He comes to gather us to Heaven. And Jesus will be anointed the most Holy, the King of Kings, when He comes in all of His power to rule over His Kingdom on earth.
*but that in the days of the trumpet call to be sounded by the seventh angel, the mystery of Godwould be fulfilled, just as he announced to his servants the prophets. Rev 10:7 ESV+
*On his robe and on his thigh he has this name written: KING OF KINGS AND LORD OF LORDS. Rev 19:16 NIV+
70 (x) 7 year periods = 490 years remaining on Daniel’s timeline for Jesus to accomplish this
4a. Jesus would be anointed, would begin His ministry in 26AD
Jesus would be anointed by the Holy Spirit at the Jordan River, 483 years after Ezra had issued the decree to rebuild Jerusalem.
*how God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and with power, who went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil, for God was with Him. Ac 10:38 NKJV+
Da 9:25
There would be 483 contiguous years from the decree to restore Jerusalem, until the Anointed One would come.
*"Know and understand this: From the issuing of the decree to restore and rebuild Jerusalemuntil the Anointed One, the ruler, comes, there will be seven 'sevens,' and sixty-two 'sevens.' It will be rebuilt with streets and a trench, but in times of trouble. Da 9:25 NIV+
7 (x) 7 year periods + 62 (x) 7 year periods = 69 (x) 7 year periods = 483 years
490 from verse 24 – 48e years = 7 years remaining on Daniel’s timeline
The decree to begin rebuilding Jerusalem was read by Ezra, in the seventh year of the reign of Artaxerxes.
*And Ezra came to
*Artaxerxes, king of kings, To Ezra the priest, a scribe of the Law of the God of heaven: Perfect peace, and so forth. Iissue a decree that all those of the people of Israel and the priests and Levites in my realm, who volunteer to go up to Jerusalem, may go with you. Ezra 7:12-13 NKJV+
Artaxerxes reign began in 465BC and the seventh year of his reign was 458BC.
Decree issued 458BC – 483 years to the anointing of Jesus = 25AD + 1 (over 0 see 12.) = 26AD Jesus was anointed.
4b. Jesus was born in 5BC
Jesus was 30 years old when He was anointed by the Holy Spirit to begin His ministry. This was a common age for maturity, beginning one’s service to God. Originally the Levites were required to begin their service to the Lord at age 30.
*Now Jesus Himself began His ministry at about thirty years of age, being (as was supposed) the son of Joseph, the son of Heli, Lk 3:23 NKJV+
*from thirty years and upward, even to fifty years old, all who enter the service to do the work in the tent of meeting. Nu 4:3 NASB+
26AD anointed for ministry – 30 years of age = 4BC - 1 (over 0 see 12.) = 5BC year Jesus was born
Da 9:26
There was a general prophecy about 3 important events which would take place, without specific dates. So the events were not put on the timeline in this verse, and it remained the same.
1. Jesus after He had been anointed as the Messiah, would be cut off, be crucified for the sins of the world.
*"Then after the sixty-two weeks the Messiah [or Anointed One] will be cut off and have nothing [Or no one], and the people of the prince who is to come will destroy the city and the sanctuary. And its end will come with a flood; even to the end there will be war; desolations are determined. Da 9:26 NASB+
*By oppression and judgment He was taken away; And as for His generation, who consideredThat He was cut off out of the land of the living For the transgression of my people, to whomthe stroke was due? Isa 53:8 NASB+
2. Jerusalem and the Temple at Jerusalem would be destroyed, for the majority of the Jewish people would not accept Jesus as their Savior. This would end the transition period, and no longer would people be able to be made righteous through the Old Covenant laws. We are now made righteous and holy by Christ’s atoning grace.
*And after the sixty-two [sevens], an anointed one shall be cut off and shall have nothing. And the people of the prince who is to come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary. Its end shall come with a flood, and to the end there shall be war. Desolations are decreed. Da 9:26 ESV+
In 70AD, Titus a Roman commander who would become Emperor of Rome, ruler over the majority of the world, the prince “who is to come,” would conquer Israel. The people of the prince, those in his army, would completely tear down the stone walls of the Temple, to get all of the gold out of them. The end of Jerusalem came like a flood, once it walls were breached and the Roman soldiers came pouring in.
*For days will come upon you when your enemies will build an embankment around you, surround you and close you in on every side, and level you, and your children within you, to the ground; and they will not leave in you one stone upon another, because you did not know the time of your visitation." Lk 19:43-44 NKJV+
3. “Until the end” could refer to the long protracted war Israel had with Rome until it would be conquered, and the desolations to the destruction of Jerusalem, the Temple, and the Jewish people which would occur. However we believe that it is referring “to the end” of the earth as we know it, that there will be war and desolations, until Jesus returns in all of His power to rule over the world.
*After the sixty-two 'sevens,' the Anointed One will be cut off and will have nothing. The people of the ruler who will come will destroy the city and the sanctuary. The end will come like a flood: War will continue until the end, and desolations have been decreed. Da 9:26 NIV+
Daniel 9:27
Jesus will make a firm covenant, the New Covenant of His grace with all believers. We believe Jesus is making this covenant, for there are two people in this verse, He, Jesus, and the one who will come, the antichrist.
*"And he will make a firm covenant with the many for one [seven], but in the middle of the [seven] he will put a stop to sacrifice and grain offering; and on the wing of abominations will come one who makes desolate, even until a complete destruction, one that is decreed, is poured out on the one who makes desolate." Da 9:27 NASB+
There can be confusion about who is making this firm covenant. We use 6 different Biblical translations to help us study the Word. The word by word translation of (KJV) is not very clear on who is making the covenant, for it uses he three times. Yet the word by word translations of the (ASV), (NASB+), (ESV+), (NKJV+), clearly show 2 different people being referred to in this verse; He (Jesus) and one who will come (the antichrist). The word by word, thought for thought translation (NIV+), has both of these translations, one written, and a different one in its footnotes.
When we put all these translations into context, along with the context of other verses pertaining to this verse, we believe the (ASV), (NASB+), (ESV+), (NKJV+), have the best translation for this verse. We use the NASB+ to show there are 2 people, He, Jesus, and the onewho will come, the antichrist in this verse. We believe in the KJV, He refers to Jesus the first 2 times it is used, and he refers to the antichrist the last time it is used. See Disciplines
*"And he will make a firm covenant with the many for one [seven], but in the middle of the [seven] he will put a stop to sacrifice and grain offering; and on the wing of abominations will come one who makes desolate, even until a complete destruction, one that is decreed, is poured out on the one who makes desolate." Da 9:27 NASB+
*And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week heshall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate. Da 9:27 KJV
We must also understand that the 7 year firm covenant Jesus makes with us, the New Covenant of grace is forever, not for just 7 years. Seven consecutive years is not enough time for Jesus to complete all of the parts of the seventy sevens of verse 24, or to complete the general prophecy of verse 26. A 7 year consecutive year firm covenant has no meaning if taken literally. The 7 years would have been over in Daniel’s time, with no purpose being fulfilled.
We must understand 7 is a symbolic number, which is often used in prophecy to represent perfect completion, spiritual perfection, of a work of God. Here it is referring to the perfect completion of our Father’s plan of salvation, the New Covenant of grace, which Jesus will offer to all those who will believe in Him. There is no firmer covenant ever given, and it will last forever. The antichrist could not make this covenant, because he cannot bring perfect completion to our Father’s plan of salvation, only Jesus can. And since 7 means perfect completion, this covenant cannot be broken, the antichrist cannot make a covenant with Israel, and then break it to stop the sacrifices and grain offerings of this verse.
There is a seven year period remaining in the 70 years of sevens from verse 24 and 25 above.
Verse 24: 490 years minus (–) 483 years from verse 25 = 7 years remaining on Daniel’s timeline
4c. Jesus earthly ministry was for 3 1/2 years
This last 7 year period of verse 27 is also used to show us how He, Jesus, would be given 3 1/2 years to initiate His firm New Covenant of grace, as He tries to bring Israel back to God. Jesus’ 3 1/2 years of ministry on earth would follow and be consecutive with the 62 sevens in verse 25when He would be anointed. Then after His 3 1/2 years of ministry are over, He would shed His blood on the cross, as the only sacrifice our Father would accept as atonement for our sins. This would put a stop to the need for any other sacrifice or grain offering to be offered for our sins.
*And after the sixty-two [sevens], an anointed one shall be cut off and shall have nothing. And the people of the prince who is to come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary. Da 9:26 ESV+
*"And he will make a firm covenant with the many for one [seven], but in the middle of the [seven] he will put a stop to sacrifice and grain offering; and on the wing of abominations will come one who makes desolate, even until a complete destruction, one that is decreed, is poured out on the one who makes desolate." Da 9:27 NASB+
Symbolic: 3 1/2 years means a specific time of rejection, rebellion. The Jewish Temple hierarchy rejected Jesus, rebelled against God, and caused Jesus to be crucified.
7 years remaining on Daniel’s timeline – 3 1/2 years ministry of Jesus = 3 1/2 years remaining
After Jesus’ ministry of 3 1/2 year, after He instituted the New Covenant of His grace, our God has been filling out Heaven, bringing His children spiritually home, their souls and spirits for almost 2,000 years. Heaven would be first given to the Jewish people, then given to the Gentiles, and then will be given to Israel, because of our Father’s love for their forefathers who obeyed Him.
* but glory, honor and peace for everyone who does good: first for the Jew, then for the Gentile. Ro 2:10 NIV+
*I do not want you to be ignorant of this mystery, brothers, so that you may not be conceited: Israel has experienced a hardening in part until the full number of the Gentiles has come in.Ro 11:25 NIV+
*As regards the gospel, they are enemies of God for your sake. But as regards election, they are beloved for the sake of their forefathers. Ro 11:28 ES
Da 9:27 Antichrist’s 3 1/2 years
Then one will come to begin the end of this timeline. The antichrist will be given an equal 3 1/2 years, the last 3 1/2 years of the world as we know it, to try and turn the people away from our God. After antichrist’s 3 1/2 years, Jesus will come in all of His power to destroy the one, the antichrist, who will make the world desolate.
*"And he will make a firm covenant with the many for one [seven], but in the middle of the [seven] he will put a stop to sacrifice and grain offering; and on the wing of abominations will come one who makes desolate, even until a complete destruction, one that is decreed, is poured out on the one who makes desolate." Da 9:27 NASB+
We do not know when the antichrist’s rule will begin, yet we will know when the antichrist reign has begun, for he will claim to be god in God’s Temple in Jerusalem. The wing of abominations refers to a section of the Temple, man of lawlessness refers to the antichrist.
*and on the wing of abominations will come one who makes desolate, even until a complete destruction, one that is decreed, is poured out on the one who makes desolate." Da 9:ptn27 NASB+
*Let no one deceive you in any way. For that day will not come, unless the rebellion comes first, and the man of lawlessness is revealed, the son of destruction, who opposes and exalts himself against every so-called god or object of worship, so that he takes his seat in the temple of God, proclaiming himself to be God. 2Thess 2:3-4 ESV+
Symbolic: 3 1/2 years means rejection, rebellion, as the antichrist will rule until he is destroyed.
Da 9:27 3 1/2 years remaining – antichrist’s 31/2 years of rule = 0 years and Jesus comes in all of His power
There is no 7 years of tribulation as often is said, the tribulation of the New Covenant began after Jesus was crucified. Then there will be great tribulation when the antichrist reigns over the world for last 3 1/2 year (42 months) of its existence as we know it. Nowhere in the New Testament is there a reference to any 7 years of tribulation.
*I, John, your brother and partner in the tribulation and the kingdom and the patient endurance that are in Jesus, was on the island called Patmos on account of the word of God and the testimony of Jesus. Rev 1:9 ESV+
*And he was given a mouth speaking great things and blasphemies, and he was given authority to continue for forty-two months. Rev 13:5 NKJV+
Jesus will finish up the last 2 prophecies of verse 24; when He returns to gather all believers up to Him in the clouds, fulfilling all the mysteries of our God to us, when He comes in all of His power to become King over the earth. He will fulfill the last prophecy of verse 27 when He pours out the eternal destruction of Hell on the one who makes desolate, the antichrist. The beast is another name for the antichrist.
*Now concerning the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ and our being gathered together to him, we ask you, brothers, 2Thess 2:1 ESV+
*and on the wing of abominations will come one who makes desolate, even until a complete destruction, one that is decreed, is poured out on the one who makes desolate." Da 9:ptn27 NASB+
*But the beast was captured, and with him the false prophet who had performed the miraculous signs on his behalf. With these signs he had deluded those who had received the mark of the beast and worshiped his image. The two of them were thrown alive into the fiery lake of burning sulfur. Rev 19:20 NIV+
4d. Christ’s 3 1/2 year ministry confirms Tishri 10 5BC + Nisan 14 30AD
Jesus and the antichrist would be given an equal half of the final seven years. This 3 1/2 year time period is the same as a time, times and half a time, is also the same as 1260 days. We believe our Father made the symbolic Day of Atonement of 5BC, to the Passover Day of 30AD to be 3 1/2 years, 1260 days in duration. The same amount of years, of days, He will give the antichrist to rule. Though it might be almost impossible to calculate, for we are talking about events almost 2,000 years ago with a Jewish calendar based on a 354 day year, which can fluctuate up to 33 days from year to year. And there is not a consensus among credible astronomers or those using the old Hebrew calendar to figure out the dates on our calendar when these two events occurred, much less the number of days between them.
*He will speak against the Most High and oppress his saints and try to change the set times and the laws. The saints will be handed over to him for a time, times and half a time [Or for a year, two years and half a year]. Da 7:25 NIV+
*The woman was given the two wings of a great eagle, so that she might fly to the place prepared for her in the desert, where she would be taken care of for a time, times and half a time, out of the serpent's reach. Rev 12:14 NIV+
*The woman fled into the desert to a place prepared for her by God, where she might be taken care of for 1,260 days. Rev 12:6 NIV+ (1260 days were the exact number of days she had to be protected from the antichrist)
Day of Atonement Tishri 10, 26AD to Nisan 14, 30AD = extremely close to 1260 days on the Jewish calendar. See 11. Jewish Calendar Below
Tishri 10 (Sept/Oct) 26AD to Tishri 10 (Sept/Oct) 27AD (1yr) -- Tishri 10 (Sept/Oct) 27AD to Tishri 10 (Sept/Oct) 28AD (2yrs)
Tishri 10 (Sept/Oct) 28AD to Tishri 10 (Sept/Oct) 29AD (3yrs) -- Tishri 10 (Sept/Oct) 29AD to Nissan 14 (March/April) 30 AD (3 1/2yrs)
Or: 26AD (Sept/Oct to Dec 31) 1/4 year -- 27AD (Jan 1 to Dec 31) 1yr -- 28AD (Jan 1 to Dec 31) 1 year
29AD (Jan 1 to Dec 31) 1 year – 30AD Jan 1 to March/April (when crucified) 1/4 yr = 3 2/4 years or 3 1/2 years
Jesus attended 4 Passovers during His ministry - 27AD, 28AD, 29AD and 30AD (when He was crucified).
5. The 40 year transition period, Jesus died 30AD
The number 40 was symbolically used by our Heavenly Father to represent a period of change, adjustment, testing and completion, which could offer blessings or punishment. Whether it was 40 days or 40 years, the number 40 was symbolically used for a transition or transformation period.
Our Father transitioned the earth in 40 days, when He brought the flood upon all the wicked people. He left only Noah and his family upon the earth.
*For in seven days I will send rain on the earth forty days and forty nights, and every living thing that I have made I will blot out from the face of the ground.” Gen 7:4 ESV+
Moses was on the mountain with God for 40 days, receiving a change, the Old Covenant ceremonial laws. Israel was given a 40 year transition period to follow and obey their God before they could enter the Promised Land.
*Moses entered the midst of the cloud as he went up to the mountain; and Moses was on the mountain forty days and forty nights. Ex 24:18 NASB+
*And you shall remember the whole way that the LORD your God has led you these forty yearsin the wilderness, that he might humble you, testing you to know what was in your heart, whether you would keep his commandments or not. Dt 8:2 ESV+
Jesus was in the desert for 40 days, preparing for what He would have to do to save us. Our Savior taught and prepared His disciples for 40 days after His resurrection
*And He was there in the wilderness forty days, tempted by Satan, and was with the wild beasts; and the angels ministered to Him. Mk 1:13 NKJV+
*To these He also presented Himself alive after His suffering, by many convincing proofs, appearing to them over a period of forty days and speaking of the things concerning the
Jesus knew the Jewish people would have a 40 year transition period after He gave His life on the cross, to accept Him as their Savior, and come into the New Covenant of His grace. Then Jerusalem would be destroyed, including the Temple, so the obsolete Old Covenant could no longer be followed. For it required sacrificial and ceremonial offerings to be held at the Temple in Jerusalem. The Temple would be completely destroyed, would not even have one stone remaining on top of another. And the majority of the Jewish would be killed or sold to other nations as slaves.
*And when he drew near and saw the city, he wept over it, saying, “Would that you, even you, had known on this day the things that make for peace! But now they are hidden from your eyes. For the days will come upon you, when your enemies will set up a barricade around youand surround you and hem you in on every side and tear you down to the ground, you and your children within you. And they will not leave one stone upon another in you, because you did not know the time of your visitation.” Lk 19:41-44 ESV+
*In speaking of a new covenant, he makes the first one obsolete. And what is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to vanish away. Heb 8:13 ESV+
Jesus’ prophecy came true in 70AD when the Romans under Titus conquered the Jewish people at Jerusalem, and completely destroyed the temple there. Titus waited until after the Jewish people were gathered together at Passover, Nisan 14, in Jerusalem to begin his siege; so he would have the majority of Israel together in one place to conquer them. This is exactly 40 years after Jesus died on the cross for our sins; the 40 years God gave Israel to accept Jesus before taking away their ceremonial sacrifices. There would be intense fighting for months and a large portion of the Jewish people were killed, the rest put into slavery, with only a remnant escaping. The
70AD Temple destroyed – 40 years to accept Jesus as Savior = 30AD Jesus died on the crossas atonement for sins
6. Destroy temple – 26AD Jesus Anointed to begin His ministry
When Jesus was ministering it was said the Temple at Jerusalem had been worked on for 46 years.
*Jesus answered and said to them, "Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up." Then the Jews said, "It has taken forty-six years to build this temple, and will You raise it up in three days?" Jn 2:19-20 NKJV+
King Herod started construction on the
20BC + 46 years is 26AD + 1 (over 0 see 12.) = 27AD – 1 year ministering = 26AD Jesus Anointed to begin His ministry.
King Herod started building temple 20BC
7. Herod the Great’s Death helps determine when Jesus was born
Jesus could not have been born after 4BC, for that was the last year of the reign of King Herod, who was king when Jesus was born. Coins have been found which put the reign of King Herod from 37-4BC, and coins which put the reign of his successor King Herod Archelaus from 4BC-6AD. It is clear that Herod the Great rule ended in 4BC, probably with his death. Jesus could have possibly been born in 4BC, but many place Herod’s death in March/April 4BC, and if this is correct Jesus could not have been born on Sept/Oct Tishri 10 4BC the Day of Atonement. It is quite likely 5BC was the earliest date possible for His birth, eliminating all later dates. In BC the larger the number the earlier the date.
*saying, "Where is He who has been born King of the Jews? For we have seen His star in the East and have come to worship Him." When Herod the king heard this, he was troubled, and all
Herod the Great/Herod Archelaus coins of 4BC
8. John the Baptist dates
John was about 6 months older than Jesus. Jesus told us though John was not Elijah, he was symbolically the Elijah to come. The Jewish people would leave a place for Elijah at the Passover meal, for they believed he would return on this day, before the Messiah, Jesus would come. John symbolically came as Elijah, was born around Nissan 15 (the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread day when the Passover meal was eaten). Nisan 15 and Tishri 10 (the Day of Atonement) are about 6 months apart matching the age differential of John and Jesus. This confirms these birthdates are highly probable for John and Jesus.
*And behold, your relative
*But I say to you that Elijah has come already, and they did not know him but did to him whatever they wished. Likewise the Son of Man is also about to suffer at their hands." Then the disciples understood that He spoke to them of John the Baptist. Matt 17:12-13 NKJV+
Some try to determine the date John began his ministry using the verses below, and then relate it back to Jesus who was born about 6 months later. Yet there are too many differing opinions about the dates of the leaders in these verses to achieve much accuracy. This included the timing of the priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, as well as the other rulers mentioned. Tiberius’ actual reign started in 14AD, yet he was a coregent and could have been considered a ruler prior to this. There is no agreement on when his co-regency started, it varies between 10-13AD, and his reign in 14AD, making a 5 year discrepancy. Not specific enough except for a general reference to when Jesus began His ministry.
*In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, Pontius Pilate being governor of Judea, and Herod being tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip tetrarch of the region of Ituraea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene, during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John the son of Zechariah in the wilderness. Lk 3:1-2 ESV+
Calculate extremes 10 – 14AD + 15 yrs = 25-29AD When John began his ministry and Jesus would begin His ministry six months later.
9. God’s 7 Appointed Times of Holy Convocations given Israel; tells us how and when, God’s plan of salvation was and will be fulfilled
*'These are the appointed times of the Lord, holy convocations which you shall proclaim at the times appointed for them. Lev 23:4 NASB+
7 Appointed Times Holy Convocations in the chronological order they are given in Lev 23:4-44 (Jewish days)
1. Passover (Pesach) - Nisan 14 (March/April): has been fulfilled.
2. Feast of Unleavened Bread (Chag HaMatzot) - Nisan 15-21 (March/April): has been fulfilled.
3. First fruits (Reshit Katzir) - first Sunday after the Passover Sabbath (March/April): has been fulfilled.
4. Feast of Weeks (Savuot) – Changed to Pentecost; is 50 days after First fruits (May/June): has been fulfilled.
5. Day of Trumpets (Rosh Hashanah) - Tishri 1 (Sept/Oct): needs to be fulfilled.
6. Day of Atonement (Yom Kipper) - Tishri 10 (Sept/Oct): has been fulfilled.
7. Feast of Tabernacles or Booths (Sukkot) -Tishri 15 (Sept/Oct) needs to be fulfilled.
The 5 Appointed Times Holy Convocations which have been fulfilled (Jewish days) [Christian days]
1. Day of Atonement (Yom Kipper) [Celebrate Jesus birth at Christmas, day Jesus conceived, born 9 months later] - Tishri (Sept/Oct) 10, 5 B.C.
See - Jesus Born Day of Atonement - The Birth of Jesus
Jesus is born
The Day of Atonement was the holiest day of the year for Israel; and only on this day would our Heavenly Father would come down into the Holy of Holies in the Temple of Jerusalem, to forgive the sins of Israel for that year.
*And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying: "Also the tenth day of this seventh month shall be the Day of Atonement. It shall be a holy convocation for you; you shall afflict your souls, and offer an offering made by fire to the LORD. And you shall do no work on that same day, for it is the Day of Atonement, to make atonement for you before the LORD your God. Lev 23:26-28 NKJV+
On this day Jesus was born in Bethlehem, to become our scapegoat, and be turned out into the world. 33½ years later Jesus would have our sins laid on Him as He was dying on the cross; and when His physical being died, His spiritual being would deposit the sins of all believers in a solitary land; the Abyss (continued in last paragraph of A2. below).
*Aaron shall lay both his hands on the head of the live goat, confess over it all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and all their transgressions, concerning all their sins, putting them on the head of the goat, and shall send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a suitable man. Lev 16:21 NKJV+
*"The goat shall bear on itself all their iniquities to a solitary land; and he shall release the goat in the wilderness. Lev 16:22 NASB+
We now celebrate the birth of Jesus at Christmas; this is not the date He was born, but approximate date God's Son was made man in Mary's womb.
2. Passover/Preparation Day (Pesach) [Good Friday] - Nisan (March/April) 14, 30AD Specific Information
Jesus is crucified, physically dies on the cross for our sins
Each year to celebrate the Passover every family in Israel was required to sacrifice a lamb without defects; slaughter it in the afternoon, so it could be eaten that night. Since sundown started the beginning of a new day; the lamb was eaten as the Passover meal on the night of Nissan 15, the Sabbath of the first day of the Feast if Unleavened Bread. The blood of the sacrificed Passover Lamb was thrown against the altar in the Temple at Jerusalem; and some was sprinkled over the people, as a sacrifice for their sins.
*“These are the appointed feasts of the LORD, the holy convocations, which you shall proclaim at the time appointed for them. In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at twilight, is the LORD’s Passover. Lev 23:4-5 ESV+
Jesus became our Passover lamb, He shed His blood as He was tortured, crucified, and physically died on the cross at the same time lambs were being slain, as a onetime sacrifice for all the sins of the world; thus fulfilling the need for this feast.
*Get rid of the old yeast that you may be a new batch without yeast--as you really are. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed. 1Co 5:7 NIV+
Jesus then replaced the need for the scapegoat on Day of Atonement (A1. above). His spiritual being took all the sins (iniquities) of all believers which had been laid on Him on the cross to azazel (head angel, or angels who had disobeyed God; now demons); and were now in Tartarus, a prison in the Abyss. Here Jesus would deposit all believers’ sins which ever will be committed, in the most desolate, uninhabited place possible; while proclaiming His victory over satan.
*The goat shall bear on itself all their iniquities to an uninhabited land; and he shall release the goat in the wilderness. Lev 16:22 NKJV+
*but the goat on which the lot fell for Azazel shall be presented alive before the Lord to make atonement over it, that it may be sent away into the wilderness to Azazel. Lev 16:10 ESV+
*For Christ also died for sins once for all, the just for the unjust, so that He might bring us to God, having been put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit; in which also He wentand made proclamation to the spirits now in prison, who once were disobedient, 1Pe 3:18-19 NASB+
*For if God did not spare angels when they sinned, but cast them into hell [Tartarus] and committed them to chains of gloomy darkness to be kept until the judgment; 2Pe 2:4 ESV+
Then Jesus was the first man to have His spiritual being (soul and spirit) taken into Heaven; on this day.
See what Spiritually Happened on the Cross
We now celebrate Good Friday; the day Jesus gave His physical life upon the cross to save us, to redeem us from our sins.
3. Feast of Unleavened Bread (Chag HaMatzot) [now celebrate Lord's Supper anytime] – Nisan (March/April) 15-21, 30AD
Jesus gives us the Lord’s Supper
The Feast of Unleavened Bread began after the sun went down on Passover Day, and the Passover Supper was eaten on this night; which was the beginning of the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread which was a special or high Sabbath day. During the week of this celebration no leavened bread could be eaten, only bread without yeast. Our God required Israel to come to Jerusalem and eat the Passover Lamb Seder Meal; Seder here referring to a special way and order to eat this meal.
*“On the fourteenth day of the first month is the LORD’s Passover, and on the fifteenth day of this month is a feast. Seven days shall unleavened bread be eaten. Nu 28:16-17 ESV+
Jesus on the night before the Passover, the night before He was crucified; replaced the Passover Feast with His own supper, the Lord’s Supper. Jesus offers to all believers (spiritually or physically); His body in and with the bread we eat, His blood in and with the wine or grape juice we drink; after His words of institution have been read over them. Those who worthily eat of our Lord's Supper receive spiritual blessings. As we thank our Savior for all He has done our faith is strengthened; and we receive help for our problems as we have an intimate visit, an intimate supper, with our Savior.
*And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, blessed and broke it, and gave it to the disciples and said, "Take, eat; this is My body." Then He took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, "Drink from it, all of you. For this is My blood of the new covenant, which is shed for many for the remission of sins. Matt 26:26-28 NKJV+
We now celebrate the Lord's Supper; we can have an intimate meal with our Lord whenever we want.
4. Firstfruits (Reshit Katzir) [Resurrection Day, Easter]: Nisan (March/April) 16, 30AD 1st day (Sunday); following 1st regular Sabbath (Sat) during Feast
Jesus is resurrected from the dead, becomes physically alive; gives the indwelling to disciples that evening
Resurrection Week - Jesus Is First
Following the first special Sabbath Day of Feast of Unleavened Bread; the first day after the next regular weekly Sabbath (Sunday), was First Fruits. On this day a sampling from everyone’s grain fields in Israel were to be cut and given to the priests at the Temple in Jerusalem to present to the Lord.
*"Speak to the children of Israel, and say to them: 'When you come into the land which I give to you, and reap its harvest, then you shall bring a sheaf of the firstfruits of your harvest to the priest. He shall wave the sheaf before the LORD, to be accepted on your behalf; on the day after the Sabbath the priest shall wave it. Lev 23:10-11 NKJV+
Jesus was presented to our Father as the first fruits of our Father's plan of salvation; on Sunday the Day of First fruits. Jesus was the first to be resurrected after being physically dead, and then given a glorified physical body. 40 days later He would be the first to have His glorified physical body taken into Heaven on Ascension Day.
*But now Christ has been raised from the dead, the first fruits of those who are asleep. 1Co 15:20 NASB+
In the evening of Resurrection day, Jesus gave the indwelling of the Holy Spirit to some of His disciples.
*And when He had said this, He breathed on them, and said to them, "Receive the Holy Spirit.Jn 20:22 NKJV+
We know First Fruits is after the first regular Sabbath, not after either of the special Sabbaths of the Feast of Unleavened Bread. The 7 Sabbaths must be spaced 7 days apart, to make up 49 days; after which Sunday makes up day 50 (Pentecost means fiftieth) between the 2 celebrations. The 2 specials Sabbaths during the Feast of Unleavened Bread celebrated once each year; can fall on different days of the week in different years. So the special Sabbaths will not always be spaced 7 days apart with the regular Sabbath; which is needed to make the 49 day period, and Sunday, the first day of the week can always be the fiftieth day from First Fruits.
*'And you shall count for yourselves from the day after the Sabbath, from the day that you brought the sheaf of the wave offering: seven Sabbaths shall be completed. Count fifty days to the day after the seventh Sabbath; then you shall offer a new grain offering to the LORD. Lev 23:15-16 NKJV+
Now celebrate Resurrection Sunday or Easter on 365 day solar time; not lunar time of Jewish Feast calendar, so they are seldom the same.
5. Feast of Weeks (Savuot) [Pentecost]: Sivan (May/June) 7, 30AD; 50 days after First fruits Baptisms of the Spirit
Pentecost; gifts of the Spirit given to Disciples, indwelling of the Spirit offered to Israel
On this day 10% of the grain crops which had been harvested were offered to the Lord. These were the same crops from which a small sheaf of stems without mature grain had been cut and waved to the Lord 50 days previously.
*'And you shall count for yourselves from the day after the Sabbath, from the day that you brought the sheaf of the wave offering: seven Sabbaths shall be completed. Count fifty days to the day after the seventh Sabbath; then you shall offer a new grain offering to the LORD. Lev 23:15-16 NKJV+
We now call this day Pentecost (fifty or fiftieth day); the day when the gifts, manifestations of the Holy Spirit were given to the disciples. Peter along with the other disciples, were filled with the Spirit; offered the Gospel message and the indwelling baptism of the Spirit to all the people of Israel who were present at the Feast of Weeks. All who repented, accepted Jesus as their Savior, and symbolically washed their sins away with water (water baptism) were given the indwelling of the Spirit. The gospel and the indwelling of the Spirit were only given to the Jews (all tribes of Israel); until around 12 years later when Paul brought the gospel to the Gentiles so they could receive the indwelling of the Spirit also.
*When the Day of Pentecost had fully come, they were all with one accord in one place. Ac 2:1 NKJV+
*Then Peter said to them, "Repent, and let every one of you be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins; and you shall receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. Ac 2:38 NKJV+
We now celebrate being renewed or being born again by the Holy Spirit; which can happen anytime, anywhere we surrender our human will to our God and accept the Spirit into our hearts.
There are 2 feasts which have not been completed, are part of the 600 plus Old Covenant ceremonial laws which had to be observed at the time of Jesus. Since we are now under the New Covenant of Christ’s atoning grace, are saved when we receive the Indwelling of the Holy Spirit; we no longer celebrate them, though they still symbolically show us events which will happen in the end times.
All of the 7 Feasts were completely stopped 40 years after Christ’s gave His life on the cross; for all the Feasts were held in conjunction with the Temple in Jerusalem, which was destroyed in 70AD by the Romans.
*Therefore do not let anyone judge you by what you eat or drink, or with regard to a religious festival, a New Moon celebration or a Sabbath day. These are a shadow of the things that were to come; the reality, however, is found in Christ. Col 2:16:17 NIV+
*who also made us adequate as servants of a new covenant, not of the letter but of the Spirit; for the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life. 2Co 3:6 NASB+
*When He said, "A new covenant," He has made the first obsolete. But whatever is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to disappear. Heb 8:13 NASB+
6. Day of Trumpets (Rosh Hashanah) [Gathering/Rapture] – Tishri (Sept/Oct) 1 needs to be fulfilled: End Times 4c5
Jesus will come in the clouds with the spiritual beings of believers from Heaven, gather believers on earth up to Him, give us all glorified bodies and takes us to Heaven to be with Him forever.
On this day Israel was to blow the trumpets at Jerusalem. And in end times when the 7th angel blows his trumpet the feast will be fulfilled; and Jesus will replace the antichrist as ruler over this world.
*Then the LORD spoke to Moses, saying, "Speak to the children of Israel, saying: 'In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you shall have a sabbath-rest, a memorial of blowing of trumpets, a holy convocation. Lev 23:24 NKJV+
Jesus will bring all believers' spiritual beings down from Heaven with Him into the clouds over earth. And gather all believers who still live on earth up to Him; and give us all glorified bodies like His, and take us to Heaven to live with Him forever. We believe this will happen in the fall, on the Day of Trumpets.
*Then the seventh angel blew his trumpet, and there were loud voices in heaven, saying, “The kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ, and he shall reign forever and ever.” Rev 11:15 ESV+
*in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, and the dead will be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed. 1Co 15:52 NKJV+
*For the Lord himself will descend from heaven with a cry of command, with the voice of an archangel, and with the sound of the trumpet of God. And the dead in Christ will rise first. Then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we will always be with the Lord. Therefore encourage one another with these words. 1Thess 4:16-18 ESV+
We are awaiting the return of Jesus in the clouds at the sounding of the last trumpet.
7. Feast of Tabernacles/Booths (Sukkot) [Jesus establishes His 1,000 year Kingdom on earth]-Tishri (Sept/Oct) 15-22; 7 days, Assembly 8th day
Needs to be fulfilled. See End Times 4d10; 5.12
During Christ’s 1,000 year reign on earth; all physically living on earth required to celebrate this Feast
This feast required Israel to build and then live in booths in Jerusalem for an 8 day celebration to be with God.
*"Speak to the sons of Israel, saying, 'On the fifteenth of this seventh month is the Feast of Booths for seven days to the Lord. Lev 23:34 NASB+
*'On the eighth day you shall have a solemn assembly; you shall do no laborious work. Nu 29:32 NASB+
This feast will begin again during Christ’s 1,000 year reign on earth; when all who have survived the war of Armageddon, are physically living on earth without glorified bodies, will come to Jerusalem to celebrate this Feast once more. This need for this Feast will end at the White Throne Judgment; when all the faithful living on earth will be given glorified bodies, will live eternally in our Father’s new heaven and earth.
*Then everyone who survives of all the nations that have come against Jerusalem shall go upyear after year to worship the King, the LORD of hosts, and to keep the Feast of Booths. Zech14:16 ESV+
*Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth, for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away, and the sea was no more. Rev 21:1 ESV+
We are waiting for the 1,000 year reign of Christ when this Feast will be celebrated once more. This Feast will start again on the first feast day after Jesus comes in all of His power; will end when all physically living on earth are judged at the White Throne Judgment.
*Then I saw a great white throne and Him who sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away. And there was found no place for them. Rev 20:11 NKJV+
The 3 Feasts of God’s Appointed times which required all men of Israel to come before God in Jerusalem; symbolized 3 different times believers will come into our God’s Kingdom to be with Him.
*Three times a year all your males shall appear before the LORD your God in the place which He chooses: at the Feast of Unleavened Bread, at the Feast of Weeks, and at the Feast of Tabernacles; and they shall not appear before the LORD empty-handed. Dt 16:16 NKJV+
Number 3. above; Feast of Unleavened Bread (Chag HaMatzot) Nisan (March/April) 15-21, 30AD was fulfilled. After Christ’s atoning grace on the cross on the previous day of Passover/Preparation; believers sins are forgiven, our spiritual beings are made holy. So when we physically die; God takes our spiritual beings to be with Him in Heaven.
*And he said, “Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom.” And he said to him, “Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise.” Lk 23:42-43 ESV+
Number 5. above; Feast of Weeks (Savuot) [Pentecost]: Sivan (May/June) 7, 30AD; was fulfilled. Now we can receive the indwelling of the Holy Spirit when we surrender our will to our God. When the Holy Spirit lives within our spiritual being, we come into the Kingdom of God; while living on this earth.
*For the kingdom of God is not a matter of eating and drinking, but of righteousness, peace and joy in the Holy Spirit, Ro 14:17 NIV+
Number 7. above; Feast of Tabernacles/Booths (Sukkot) [After Jesus returns to earth in power]-Tishri (Sept/Oct) 15-22; 7 days, Assembly 8th day. Jesus will come in power, make Jerusalem holy so He can rule there, and judge those still living on earth. Jesus will take those who will submit to Him into His Kingdom as normal mortal people (not believers, we will have glorified bodies); who will go up to celebrate this Feast with Him in Jerusalem.
*Then everyone who survives of all the nations that have come against Jerusalem shall go upyear after year to worship the King, the LORD of hosts, and to keep the Feast of Booths. Zech14:16 ESV+
10. Number Symbols
1 – Supreme, unity the oneness of God though 3 persons; is only divisible by itself; yet is in all numbers
2 - Number needed to confirm or validate
3 – Is holy perfection and completeness
3½ – Is a specific number, is half of seven, distorts the perfect number its completion
4 – Related to the world, the earth, like its 4 dimensions east/west/north/south
6 - Is short of seven, means imperfect, like man is
7 - Perfect completion, spiritual perfection, often refers to the work of God
8 – New beginning
10 - Perfect number, including all in a cycle or period
12 – Perfect number for children of God in either the New or Old Covenant, number of people or leaders
24 – Old Covenant and New Covenant children of God as one
40 – Transition or preparation period for change, adjustment, or testing
When a number is multiplied by another number, it includes both numbers meanings.
If number is used more than once, squared or cubed it increases in emphasis.
God is 777 perfectly holy; satan is 666 completely imperfect (evil); mankind’s number is 666 (evil) until Jesus atoning grace makes us spiritually holy, 777.
11. Jewish calendar year, months, week, days
Jewish 354 day calendar year
The Jewish calendar follows the lunar cycle of the moon, for our God designed many of these Feasts to be celebrated on a full moon. The lunar cycle is 29.53 days; so the 12 Jewish months were alternated with odd months having 30 days, while the even months have 29 days (averaging 29.5 days); a 354 day year. The 1st day of a month starts when the smallest part of the crescent of the moon first appeared, the 14th - 15th day would have the full moon, and on the 29th-30th the moon would disappear.
The regular 354 day Jewish calendar had to be adjusted to the 365 day solar calendar we use, to keep in balance with the 4 seasons of the year; for the Feasts depended on when Israel’s crops were grown and harvested. 365 – 354 = 11 days; 3 years would be 33 days (month lost); 9 years 99 days (3 months lost, as well as a season; spring would be winter.
The Jewish calendar was balanced 2 ways; first to help balance any error in matching the 29.5 days monthly days the lunar days 29.53, and any errors in first seeing the moon to start the months. A day could be added to Chesvan or subtracted from Kislev. So a regular lunar year could be 353 days or 354 days or 355 days.
Then to balance the 354 day lunar cycle to the 365 day solar cycle; when needed a 13th month of 30 days called Adar 1, was added, before the month of Adar. So a lunar leap year could be 383 days or 384 days or 385 days.
At the time when Jesus lived human sight was used to designation when the moon first appeared; and we do not know when any days or a month were added. But around 320-385AD Hillel designed a rotation formula to balance the lunar cycle to the solar cycle.
The extra 30 day month of Adar 1 is added 7 times over 19 years; on the 3-6-8-11-14-17-19; then this cycle begins again.
Since the lunar cycle month can have over a 32 day fluctuation on when it happens in the solar cycle year; a 2 month period on solar calendars is needed to indicate when each Jewish month can occur.
Note: If one wants to use the astronomy records from the U.S. Naval Observatory Astronomical Applications Department; they show a full moon occurred back at the time of Jesus; on Fri April 7, 30 AD. This coincides with the date we believe Jesus was crucified; 30 AD on Nisan 14.
Jewish months; there are 2 different calendar months; a religious year for the 7 Feasts of which starts first with the most important Feast of the Passover. And a secular, civil, year which starts in the fall after most of the crops have been harvested.
Feast Calendar Secular Calendar U.S./Jewish
(1) Nisan: Mar/Apr - 30 Days (1) Tishri: Sept/Oct - 30 Days Jan – Tevet/Shevat
(2) Iyar: Apr/May - 29 Days (2) Cheshvan Oct/Nov – (29 or 30) Feb – (Shevat/Adar 1)*
(3) Sivan: May/June - 30 Days (3) Kislev Nov/Dec – (30 or 29) Feb - Shevat/Adar
(4) Tammuz: June/July - 29 Days (4) Tevet Dec/Jan – 29 Days Mar – Adar/Nisan
(5) Av: July/Aug - 30 Days (5) Shevat Jan/Feb – 30 Days Apr – Nisan/Iyar
(6) Elul: Aug/Sept - 29 Days (6) *Adar 1 (Feb/Mar - 30)* May – Iyar/Sivian
(7) Tishri: Sept/Oct - 30 Days (6) Adar Feb/Mar - 29 Days June – Sivian/Tammuz
(8) Cheshvan: Oct/Nov - (29 or 30) (7) Nisan Mar/Apr – 30 Days July – Tammuz/Av
(9) Kislev: Nov/Dec - (30 or 29) (8) Iyar Apr/May – 29 Days Aug - Av/Elul
(10) Tevet: Dec/Jan - 29 Days (9) Sivan May/June - 30 Days Sept – Elul/Tishri
(11) Shevat: Jan/Feb - 30 Days (10) Tammuz June/July – 29 Days Oct – Tishri/Cheshvan
(12) *Adar 1: Feb/Mar - (30 Days)* (11) Av July/Aug – 30 Days Nov – Cheshvan/Kislev
(12/13) *Adar: Feb/Mar - 29 Days (12) Elul Aug/Sept - 29 Days Dec – Kislev/Tevet
12 month year 353-355 days depending on adjustment days of Cheshvan + Kislev
13 month leap year Adar 1 added 30 days is 383-385 years
353-355 days per year; regular calendar 354 days; Kislev 29 days (-1) 353 Days; Cheshvan 30 days (+1) 355 days
*Leap years; 13 month Adar 1 +30 days; 384 days: 383 days; 385 days
Jewish week and days; Jewish days begin at sundown of the previous day; while our day begins at midnight. So there is around a (- +) 4 hour discrepancy in Jewish days to our days. Jesus’ birth, crucifixion and resurrection are much easier to understand when we know when the Jewish day began and ended, so we know when these events happened.
++We use 6 pm as the time for sundown, when the day ends and a new day begins in the illustration below. The actual time of sundown fluctuates throughout the year.
Sun Mon Tues Wed
1st Day; Yom Rishon: 2nd Day; Yom Sheini: 3rd Day; Yom Shlishi: 4th Day; Yom R'vi'I:
Sat 6pm-12am Sun 6pm-12am Mon 6pm-12am Tues 6pm-12am
Sun 12am-6am Mon 12am-6am Tues 12am-6am Wed 12am-6am
Sun 6am-12pm Mon 6am-12pm Tues 6am-12pm Wed 6am-12pm
Sun 12pm-6pm Mon 12pm-6pm Tues 12pm-6pm Wed 12pm-**6pm
Thurs Fri Sat
5th Day; Yom Chamishi: 6th Day; Yom Shishi: 7th Day; Yom Shabbat: Regular Sabbath
Wed 6pm-12am Thurs 6pm-12am Fri 6pm-12am
Thurs 12am-6am Fri 12am-6am Sat 12am-6am
Thurs 6am-12pm Fri 6am-12pm Sat 6am-12pm
Thurs 12pm-6pm Fri 12pm-6pm Sat 12pm-6pm
12. Using BC and AD, crossing zero
A Russian monk, Dionysius Exiguus, around 525 AD made a timeline for the Catholic Church. This timeline included a period before Christ was born, BC, and a period after Christ was born, AD, which means Anno Domini, in the year of our Lord. Those who were not Christian later changed the names of these periods to BCE, before common era, which is the same time period as BC. And CE, common era, which is the same time period as AD. As these years go towards 2013AD, BC becomes smaller, as AD becomes larger.
Time period between when Jesus was born, was crucified
--{}-- 458BC --{}-- [6BC-5BC –-- 1BC No zero 1AD --- 26AD --- 30AD] --{}-- 70AD --{}-- 2012AD
{} Small brackets denote long period of time.
Dionysius made some big mistakes on his timeline:
Jesus was not born on December 25, 1AD, He was born on Tishri 10, 5BC.
He did not use a zero on his timeline. When it crossed over from BC to AD, it went from 1BC to 1AD, and a year was skipped, was lost. We must now adjust for that lost year, below are some rules which might be helpful.
*Crossing over from BC to AD and AD to BC (the same for BCE to CE and CE to BCE)
a. If using BC and you do not crossover into AD or come out with the year zero for an answer, nothing needs to be done. If using AD and you do not crossover into BC or come out with the year zero for an answer, nothing needs to be done.
Examples:
10 BC to 5 BC = 5 years (10BC - 5 years = 5BC).
5AD to 10AD = 5 years (5AD + 5 years = 10AD).
b. If you end up with the year zero, which does not exist, you need to add a one to the opposite time period you are coming from.
Examples:
10BC less 10 years = 0BC + 1 to opposite time period you are coming from, AD = 1AD.
10AD less 10 years = 0AD + 1 to opposite time period you are coming from, BC = 1BC.
c. When using either BC or AD as one component and a number of years as the other component and crossing over from BC to AD or from AD to BC you must add 1 to the answer.
Examples:
5BC + 10 years -- subtract 5 years from 5BC = 0 – - add 5 remaining years to AD = 5AD -- Then 1 must be added for crossing over from BC to AD -- 5AD + 1 = 6AD.
5AD - 10 years -- subtract 5 years from 5AD = 0 – - add 5 remaining years to BC = 5BC -- Then 1 must be added for crossing over from AD to BC -- 5BC + 1 = 6BC.
d. When using BC as one component and AD as the other component, you must subtract 1 year for crossing over from BC to AD or AD to BC.
Examples:
5BC to 5AD = 5 years of BC + 5 years of AD = 10 years. Then 1 must be subtracted for crossing over from BC to AD = 9years.
5AD to 5BC = 5 years of AD + 5 years of BC = 10 years. Then 1 must be subtracted for crossing over from AD to BC = 9 years.
Our Heavenly Father foreshadowed how His plan of salvation would be implemented through prophecies, symbols, signs, Sabbaths, ceremonial feasts and festivals. As He led
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